期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 51, 页码 15574-15579出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1503567112
关键词
weathering; erosion; critical zone; detrital thermochronometry
资金
- Ann and Gordon Getty Foundation
- American Geophysical Union Horton Research Grant
- Doris and David Dawdy Fund for Hydrologic Research
- National Science Foundation [EAR 1239521, 1325033]
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1324830] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1325033] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Weathering on mountain slopes converts rock to sediment that erodes into channels and thus provides streams with tools for incision into bedrock. Both the size and flux of sediment from slopes can influence channel incision, making sediment production and erosion central to the interplay of climate and tectonics in landscape evolution. Although erosion rates are commonly measured using cosmogenic nuclides, there has been no complementary way to quantify how sediment size varies across slopes where the sediment is produced. Here we show how this limitation can be overcome using a combination of apatite helium ages and cosmogenic nuclides measured in multiple sizes of stream sediment. We applied the approach to a catchment underlain by granodiorite bedrock on the eastern flanks of the High Sierra, in California. Our results show that higher-elevation slopes, which are steeper, colder, and less vegetated, are producing coarser sediment that erodes faster into the channel network. This suggests that both the size and flux of sediment from slopes to channels are governed by altitudinal variations in climate, vegetation, and topography across the catchment. By quantifying spatial variations in the sizes of sediment produced by weathering, this analysis enables new understanding of sediment supply in feedbacks between climate, tectonics, and mountain landscape evolution.
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