期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 28, 页码 8678-8683出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505596112
关键词
Collins' monster; Xiaoshiba Lagerstatte; Cambrian explosion; evolution; phylogeny
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41272027, 41472022, U1402232]
- Templeton World Charity Foundation [LBAG/143]
- Research Fellowship at Emmanuel College, University of Cambridge
We describe Collinsium ciliosum from the early Cambrian Xiaoshiba Lagerstatte in South China, an armored lobopodian with a remarkable degree of limb differentiation including a pair of antenna- like appendages, six pairs of elongate setiferous limbs for suspension feeding, and nine pairs of clawed annulated legs with an anchoring function. Collinsium belongs to a highly derived clade of lobopodians within stem group Onychophora, distinguished by a substantial dorsal armature of supernumerary and biomineralized spines (Family Luolishaniidae). As demonstrated here, luolishaniids display the highest degree of limb specialization among Paleozoic lobopodians, constitute more than one- third of the overall morphological disparity of stem group Onychophora, and are substantially more disparate than crown group representatives. Despite having higher disparity and appendage complexity than other lobopodians and extant velvet worms, the specialized mode of life embodied by luolishaniids became extinct during the Early Paleozoic. Collinsium and other superarmored lobopodians exploited a unique paleoecological niche during the Cambrian explosion.
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