期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 37, 页码 11473-11477出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505077112
关键词
land-atmosphere interactions; Amazon; hydrologic cycle; fog; cloud-resolving models
资金
- Department of Energy GoAmazon [DE-SC0011094, DE-FOA-0000885]
- National Science Foundation [AGS-1008847]
- Office of Naval Research under MURI [N00014-12-1-0911]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0011094] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences [1008847] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The diurnal and seasonal water cycles in the Amazon remain poorly simulated in general circulation models, exhibiting peak evapotranspiration in the wrong season and rain too early in the day. We show that those biases are not present in cloud-resolving simulations with parameterized large-scale circulation. The difference is attributed to the representation of the morning fog layer, and to more accurate characterization of convection and its coupling with large-scale circulation. The morning fog layer, present in the wet season but absent in the dry season, dramatically increases cloud albedo, which reduces evapotranspiration through its modulation of the surface energy budget. These results highlight the importance of the coupling between the energy and hydrological cycles and the key role of cloud albedo feedback for climates over tropical continents.
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