期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 36, 页码 11353-11358出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1503058112
关键词
biofilms; exopolysaccharide; extracellular DNA; Pel; Psl
资金
- National Institutes of Health [2R01AI077628, R01AI097511]
- Canadian Institutes of Health [13337]
- American Heart Association [14POST20130017]
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Ontario Graduate Scholarship Program
- Hospital for Sick Children Foundation Student Scholarship Program
- Canada Research Chair
- MRC [MR/J006874/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Biofilm formation is a complex, ordered process. In the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Psl and Pel exopolysaccharides and extracellular DNA (eDNA) serve as structural components of the biofilm matrix. Despite intensive study, Pel's chemical structure and spatial localization within mature biofilms remain unknown. Using specialized carbohydrate chemical analyses, we unexpectedly found that Pel is a positively charged exopolysaccharide composed of partially acetylated 1 -> 4 glycosidic linkages of N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. Guided by the knowledge of Pel's sugar composition, we developed a tool for the direct visualization of Pel in biofilms by combining Pel-specific Wisteria floribunda lectin staining with confocal microscopy. The results indicate that Pel cross-links eDNA in the biofilm stalk via ionic interactions. Our data demonstrate that the cationic charge of Pel is distinct from that of other known P. aeruginosa exopolysaccharides and is instrumental in its ability to interact with other key biofilm matrix components.
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