Rapid thermal annealed Molybdenum back contact for Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cells

In this work, an industrially viable manufacturing process-rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of Molybdenum back contact is proposed and investigated to improve the performance of sputtered Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells. The RTA process was found to facilitate Na diffusion from soda lime glass to Mo as well as CZTS and improve the crystallinity of the Mo film. Consequently, the surface morphology of the subsequently deposited CZTS absorbers is improved, which results in significant enhancement of open circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, fill factor, and conversion efficiency. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.