期刊
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
卷 94, 期 2, 页码 169-173出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6362
关键词
vegetarian; non-communicable diseases; mortality; ischemic heart disease; cancer; type 2 diabetes; homocysteine; mean platelet volume; platelet aggregation
A vegetarian diet generally includes plenty of vegetables and fruits, which are rich in phytochemicals, antioxidants, fiber, magnesium, vitamins C and E, Fe3+, folic acid and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and is low in cholesterol, total fat and saturated fatty acid, sodium, Fe2+, zinc, vitamin A, B-12 and D, and especially n-3 PUFA. Mortality from all-cause, ischemic heart disease, and circulatory and cerebrovascular diseases was significantly lower in vegetarians than in omnivorous populations. Compared with omnivores, the incidence of cancer and type 2 diabetes was also significantly lower in vegetarians. However, vegetarians have a number of increased risk factors for non-communicable diseases such as increased plasma homocysteine, mean platelet volume and platelet aggregability compared with omnivores, which are associated with low intake of vitamin B-12 and n-3 PUFA. Based on the present data, it would seem appropriate for vegetarians to carefully design their diet, specifically focusing on increasing their intake of vitamin B-12 and n-3 PUFA to further reduce already low mortality and morbidity from non-communicable diseases. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
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