期刊
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
卷 103, 期 3, 页码 250-263出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq526
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类别
资金
- European Community [223175, HEALTH-F2-2009-223175]
- Australian Breast Cancer Family Study (ABCFS)
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RFA CA-06-503]
- Breast Cancer Family Registry (BCFR)
- Cancer Care Ontario [U01 CA69467]
- Northern California Cancer Center [U01 CA69417]
- University of Melbourne [U01 CA69638]
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre
- Chief Physician Johan Boserup and Lise Boserup Fund
- Danish Medical Research Council
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Hospital
- Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer
- Asociacion Espanola Contra Cancer
- Fondo de Investigacion Sanitario [PI081120, PI081583]
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Germany [01KW9975/5, 01KW9976/8, 01KW9977/0, 01KW0114]
- Robert Bosch Foundation of Medical Research, Stuttgart
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Bochum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
- Deutsche Krebshilfe [70492, 70-2892-BR I]
- state of Baden-Wurttemberg through the Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm [P. 685]
- Helsinki University Central Hospital
- Academy of Finland [110663]
- Finnish Cancer Society
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- European Union Framework Programme 6 [LSHC-CT-2003-503297]
- Stichting tegen Kanker [232-2008]
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Gustav V Jubilee Foundation
- Cancer Society in Stockholm
- Bert von Kantzow Foundation
- Kuopio University Central EVO
- Academy of Finland
- University of Kuopio
- EVO of Vaasa Hospital District
- Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium
- NHMRC [145684, 288704, 454508, 209057, 251533, 396414, 504711]
- National Breast Cancer Foundation
- Queensland Cancer Fund
- Cancer Councils of Victoria
- Cancer Councils of Tasmania
- Cancer Councils of South Australia
- Cancer Councils of New South Wales
- Cancer Foundation of Western Australia
- Hamburg Cancer Society
- German Cancer Research Center
- NIH [CA122340, ARRA CA122340Z, R01-CA63464, R37-CA54281, CA87969]
- NCI [CA116201]
- Cancer Council Victoria, VicHealth
- Cancer Research UK [11022, 10118] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [03/DHCS/03/G121/51] Funding Source: researchfish
- The Francis Crick Institute
- Cancer Research UK [10124] Funding Source: researchfish
Background Previous studies have suggested that breast cancer risk factors are associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression status of the tumors. Methods We pooled tumor marker and epidemiological risk factor data from 35 568 invasive breast cancer case patients from 34 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Logistic regression models were used in case-case analyses to estimate associations between epidemiological risk factors and tumor subtypes, and case-control analyses to estimate associations between epidemiological risk factors and the risk of developing specific tumor subtypes in 12 population-based studies. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results In case-case analyses, of the epidemiological risk factors examined, early age at menarche (<= 12 years) was less frequent in case patients with PR- than PR+ tumors (P = .001). Nulliparity (P = 3 x 10(-6)) and increasing age at first birth (P = 2 x 10(-9)) were less frequent in ER- than in ER+ tumors. Obesity (body mass index [BMI] >= 30 kg/m(2)) in younger women (<= 50 years) was more frequent in ER /PR than in ER+/PR+ tumors (P = 1 x 10(-7)), whereas obesity in older women (>50 years) was less frequent in PR- than in PR+ tumors (P = 6 x 10(-4)). The triple-negative (ER-/PR-/HER2-) or core basal phenotype (CBP; triple-negative and cytokeratins [CK]5/6(+) and/ or epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] 1) accounted for much of the heterogeneity in parity-related variables and BMI in younger women. Case-control analyses showed that nulliparity, increasing age at first birth, and obesity in younger women showed the expected associations with the risk of ER+ or PR+ tumors but not triple-negative (nulliparity vs parity, odds ratio [OR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75 to 1.19, P = .61; 5-year increase in age at first full-term birth, OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.86 to 1.05, P = .34; obesity in younger women, OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.94, P = .09) or CBP tumors. Conclusions This study shows that reproductive factors and BMI are most clearly associated with hormone receptor-positive tumors and suggest that triple-negative or CBP tumors may have distinct etiology.
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