期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
卷 136, 期 6, 页码 2268-2271出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja412578t
关键词
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资金
- EPSRC
- GSK
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/I004017/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/I004017/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Highly chemoselective direct reduction of primary, secondary, and tertiary amides to alcohols using SmI2/amine/H2O is reported. The reaction proceeds with C-N bond cleavage in the carbinolamine intermediate, shows excellent functional group tolerance, and delivers the alcohol products in very high yields. The expected C O cleavage products are not formed under the reaction conditions. The observed reactivity is opposite to the electrophilicity of polar carbonyl groups, resulting from the nX -> pi(C = O)* (X = O, N) conjugation. Mechanistic studies suggest that coordination of Sm to the carbonyl and then to Lewis basic nitrogen in the tetrahedral intermediate facilitate electron transfer and control the selectivity of the C-N/C-O cleavage. Notably, the method provides direct access to acyl-type radicals from unactivated amides under mild electron transfer conditions.
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