期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
卷 136, 期 40, 页码 14078-14088出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja505463r
关键词
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资金
- Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics (CAMP) by KAUST [KUS-C1-01S-21]
- National Science Foundation through the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-114747]
- Stanford University through a Benchmark Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- SABIC
- Office of Competitive Research Funds
- DAAD Doktorantenstipendium
- Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program
- [SFB 953]
Theoretical and experimental studies suggest that energetic offsets between the charge transport energy levels in different morphological phases of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunctions may improve charge separation and reduce recombination in polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we use cyclic voltammetry, UVvis absorption, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize hole energy levels in the polymer phases of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunctions. We observe an energetic offset of up to 150 meV between amorphous and crystalline polymer due to bandgap widening associated primarily with changes in polymer conjugation length. We also observe an energetic offset of up to 350 meV associated with polymer:fullerene intermolecular interactions. The first effect has been widely observed, but the second effect is not always considered despite being larger in magnitude for some systems. These energy level shifts may play a major role in PSC performance and must be thoroughly characterized for a complete understanding of PSC function.
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