期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
卷 134, 期 18, 页码 7867-7873出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ja301187u
关键词
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资金
- Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP1094261]
- ANSTO within the Bragg Institute
Lithium-ion batteries power many portable devices and in the future are likely to play a significant role in sustainable-energy systems for transportation and the electrical grid. LiFePO4 is a candidate cathode material for second-generation lithium-ion batteries, bringing a high rate capability to this technology. LiFePO4 functions as a cathode where delithiation occurs via either a solid-solution or a two-phase mechanism, the pathway taken being influenced by sample preparation and electrochemical conditions. The details of the delithiation pathway and the relationship between the two-phase and solid-solution reactions remain controversial. Here we report, using real-time in situ neutron powder diffraction, the simultaneous occurrence of solid-solution and two-phase reactions after deep discharge in nonequilibrium conditions. This work is an example of the experimental investigation of nonequilibrium states in a commercially available LiFePO4 cathode and reveals the concurrent occurrence of and transition between the solid-solution and two-phase reactions.
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