4.3 Article

Australohyaena antiqua (Mammalia, Metatheria, Sparassodonta), a large predator from the Late Oligocene of Patagonia

期刊

JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY
卷 13, 期 6, 页码 503-525

出版社

TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2014.926403

关键词

phylogeny; anatomy; stem Marsupialia; palaeoecology; South America; Cenozoic

资金

  1. PICT [2010-1805, 2011-0309]
  2. PIP [1723 CONICET]
  3. IPA-P.1, Fundacion Miguel Lillo

向作者/读者索取更多资源

An almost complete skull of Australohyaena antiqua (Ameghino), from the Late Oligocene (Deseadan SALMA) of Cabeza Blanca, Chubut Province, Argentina is described and analysed. For more than a century, this species was represented by isolated teeth. The genus Australohyaena gen. nov. is proposed based on a phylogenetic reconstruction that demonstrates that A. antiqua is a Borhyaenidae (Mammalia, Sparassodonta), grouped with Arctodictis and Borhyaena, but not with Pharsophorus lacerans, the genus to which antiqua was formerly assigned. A. antiqua is recognized by several features on the skull, dentary and dentition. In addition, a short snout, large canines, deep jaw, reduced protocone and talonid determine A. antiqua as hypercarnivorous. A vaulted skull, well-developed temporal fossa and little difference on the jaw depth at p3 and m4, are suggestive of bone-cracker specializations. A. antiqua is within the largest Deseadan sparassodonts with a body mass of about 70kg. Homoplasies are detected within borhyaenoids on lower molar cusps. The metaconid is lost within Sparassodonta, although Pharsophorus and borhyaenids retained the metaconid on m2-m4 or m2-m3. [GRAPHICS]

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