期刊
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
卷 183, 期 10, 页码 2268-2273出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2010.08.022
关键词
Thermal annealing synthesis; Titanium-dioxide; TiO2; Hetero-structure; Nanowire; Nanoparticle; Dye-sensitized solar cell
资金
- US National Science Foundation [0854467]
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) [2010-0002231]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0083007] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [0854467] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Crystalline TiO2 nanowire-nanoparticle hetero-structures were successfully synthesized from titanium foils by using a simple thermal annealing method with the aid of CuCl2 at the atmospheric pressure. Nanowires were grown from Ti foils by simply annealing Ti foils at 850 degrees C. Then, TiCl4 was delivered to TiO2 nanowires so as to precipitate TiO2 nanoparticles on nanowire surfaces. At 750 degrees C reaction temperature, nanoparticles of tens of nanometers in diameter were well distributed on pre-grown nanowire forests. Nanoparticles were likely to be precipitated by TiCl4 decomposition or oxidation and that require high temperatures above similar to 650 degrees C. Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV-vis spectroscopy analyses show they have the rutile polycrystalline structure with a slightly enlarged bandgap compared to that of bulk TiO2. The influence of key synthesis parameters including reaction temperature, reaction time, and quantity of supplied materials on the incorporating nanoparticles was also systematically studied. The optimum reaction condition in the present paper was identified to be 750 degrees C annealing with repetitive 20 min reactions. A higher reaction temperature yielded larger diameter particles, and higher loading of Ti produced dense particles without changing the particle size. Finally, this method could be utilized for synthesizing other metal oxide nanowires-nanoparticle hetero-structures. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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