Miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion combined with ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of three pyrethroids in soil

A simple and miniaturized pretreatment procedure combining matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) with ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-DLLME) technique was proposed in first time for simultaneous determination of three pyrethroids (fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin and fenvalerate) in soils. The solid samples were directly extracted using MSPD procedure, and the eluent of MSPD was used as the dispersive solvent of the followed DLLME procedure for further purification and enrichment of the analytes before GC-ECD analysis. Good linear relationships were obtained for all the analytes in a range of 5.0-500.0 ng/g with LOQs (S/N = 10) ranged from 1.51 to 3.77 ng/g. Average recoveries at three spiked levels were in a range of 83.6-98.5% with RSD <= 7.3%. The present method combined the advantages of MSPD and DLLME, and was successfully applied for the determination of three pyrethroids in soil samples.