期刊
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
卷 77, 期 2, 页码 152-160出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2007.06.051
关键词
biomarkers; first trimester; gravid; inflammation; inflammatory
资金
- PHS HHS [UR3/CCU018305-03] Funding Source: Medline
Few studies have assessed longitudinal changes in circulating cytokine levels during normal pregnancy. We have examined the natural history of maternal plasma cytokines from early-to mid-pregnancy in a large, longitudinal cohort. Multiplex flow cytometry was used to measure interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in early-(median [IQR]: 8.5 weeks [7.1, 10.0]) and mid-pregnancy (25.0 [24.1, 26.1]) from 1274 Danish women delivering singleton term infants. GM-CSF decreased from early-to mid-pregnancy (median percent change [95% CI]: -51.3% [-59.1%, -41.8%]), while increases were observed in IL-6 (24.3% [4.6%, 43.9%]), IL-12 (21.3% [8.9%, 35.7%]) and IFN-gamma (131.7% [100.2%, 171.6%]); IL-2 (-2.8% [-11.5%, 0.0%]) and TNF-alpha-(0% [-5.9%, 25.6%]) remained stable. Positive correlations were found between all cytokines, both in early-and mid-pregnancy (all p < 0.001). Early-and mid-pregnancy levels were rank-correlated for IL-2, IL-12, TNF-alpha and GM-CSF, but not IL-6 and IFN-gamma; these correlations were generally weaker than correlations between different cytokines at a single time point in pregnancy. Women with a pre-pregnancy BMI < 18.5 had reduced levels of IFN-gamma and GM-CSF compared to women in other BMI categories, while women aged >= 35 years had elevated IL-2, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. Early-pregnancy levels of TNF-alpha-were higher in women with a prior preterm delivery. Cytokine levels were not associated with gravidity. In conclusion, cytokines were detected in plasma during early-and mid-pregnancy, with IL-6, IL-12, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF concentrations varying over pregnancy. Concentrations may depend on BMI, maternal age and prior preterm delivery. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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