期刊
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
卷 25, 期 4, 页码 490-502出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0269881110376694
关键词
Craving; emotion; HPA axis; relapse; smoking; stress
资金
- NIH [RL1DA024857, UL1DE019586, PL1DA024859, PL1DA024860, R21DA017234, K12DA000167, T32AA015496]
- National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) [UL1 RR024139]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services of the State of Connecticut
We have developed a novel human laboratory model to examine two primary aspects of stress-precipitated tobacco relapse: (1) Does stress reduce the ability to resist the first cigarette? (2) Once the first cigarette is initiated, does stress facilitate subsequent smoking? Using a within-subject design, daily smokers (n = 37) who were nicotine deprived overnight received a personalized imagery induction (stress or neutral) on two separate days, and then had the option of initiating a tobacco self-administration session or delaying initiation for up to 50 min in exchange for three levels of monetary reinforcement. Subsequently, the tobacco self-administration session entailed a 1-hour period in which subjects could choose to smoke using a smoking topography system. Following the stress induction, subjects were less able to resist smoking, smoked more intensely (increased puffs, shorter inter-puff interval, and greater peak puff velocity), and perceived greater satisfaction and reward from smoking. Stress significantly increased hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity, tobacco craving, negative emotion, and physiologic reactivity relative to the neutral condition. In addition, increased cortisol, ACTH, and tobacco craving were associated with reduced ability to resist smoking following stress. These findings have implications for understanding the impact of stress on smoking relapse and model development to assess smoking lapse behavior.
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