期刊
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
卷 45, 期 2, 页码 150-155出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.06.009
关键词
ADHD; Persistence; Predictors; Longitudinal; Young adult
类别
资金
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) [5R01HD036317-10]
- Lilly Foundation Fund
- Pediatric Psychopharmacology Philanthropic Fund
- Alza
- AstraZeneca
- Bristol Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Co.
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- McNeil
- Merck
- Organon
- Otsuka
- Shire
- NIMH
- NICHD
- Fundacion Areces
- Medice Pharmaceuticals
- Spanish Child Psychiatry Association
- Abbott
- Celltech
- Cephalon
- Esai
- Forest
- Glaxo
- Gliatech
- Janssen
- NARSAD
- NIDA
- New River
- Novartis
- Noven
- Neurosearch
- Pfizer
- Pharmacia
- Prechter Foundation
- Stanley Foundation
- UCB Pharma, Inc.
- Wyeth
- Eli Lilly
- Ortho-McNeil
- Shire Development
- National Institutes of Health
Objective: Despite the existence of several follow-up studies of children with ADHD followed up into adulthood, there is limited information on whether patterns of persistence and remission in ADHD can be predicted over the long term. The main aim of this study was to evaluate predictors of persistence of ADHD in a large sample of boys with and without ADHD followed prospectively for 11 years into young adulthood. Method: Subjects were Caucasian, non-Hispanic boys with (N = 110) and without (N = 105) ADHD who were 6-17 years old at the baseline assessment (mean age 11 years) and 15 to 31 years old at the follow-up assessment (mean age 22 years). Subjects were comprehensively and blindly assessed with structured diagnostic interviews and assessments of cognitive, social, school, and family functioning. Results: At the 11-year follow-up, 78% of children with ADHD continued to have a full (35%) or a partial persistence (subsyndromal (22%), impaired functioning (15%), or remitted but treated (6%)). Predictors of persistence were severe impairment of ADHD, psychiatric comorbidity, and exposure to maternal psychopathology at baseline. Conclusions: These findings prospectively confirm that persistence of ADHD over the long term is predictable from psychosocial adversity and psychiatric comorbidity ascertained 11 years earlier. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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