Verification of Biomarkers for Diabetic Retinopathy by Multiple Reaction Monitoring

Multiple reaction monitoring was used to verify target proteins in 3 groups of vitreous and plasma samples from 3 stages of diabetic retinopathy: macular hole (nondiabetic control), nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Twelve target proteins were quantified using triple quadrupole LC-MS/MS and 3 methods to determine the transitions (information-dependent analysis, the MIDAS workflow, and the PepticleAtlas database). This study might be the first MRM experiment to analyze large numbers of clinical vitreous and plasma samples for biomarker verification. Consequently, several biomarker candidates were identified for use in further applications.