Amphiphilic carbonaceous material-intervened solvothermal synthesis of LiFePO4

LiFePO4 samples with preferred facets on the ac plane were prepared by the solvothermal method with or without well-dispersed amphiphilic carbonaceous material (ACM). The effects of ACM on the particle morphology, crystal orientation and electrochemical reactivity of the prepared LiFePO4 nanoparticles were investigated in detail. ACM serves a dual purpose. One purpose is facilitating the plate-like morphologies of LiFePO4 nanoparticles parallel to the b(pnma) axis by decreasing the surface energy of (010) facets of newly created LiFePO4 nuclei. The other purpose is suppressing crystal growth along the [010] direction by adhering onto the (010) surface of LiFePO4 nanoplates. Furthermore, ACM coating was performed and optimized using a carbon coating precursor. The electrochemical properties of the prepared LiFePO4 particles were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge discharge cycling tests. After the optimized coating of ACM, the ACM-intervened LiFePO4 composite was observed to deliver discharge capacities of 151.3 mAh g(-1) at 1C and 132.2 mAh g(-1) at 10C. Even after 1000 cycles at a high rate of 10C, the LiFePO4 cathode could maintain 80% of its initial capacity. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.