Novel high-performance solid oxide fuel cells with bulk ionic conductance dominated thin-film electrolytes

The overall performance of ionic conducting electrolyte layers is a key factor for determining the power density of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The aim of this work is to investigate high performance SOFC electrolyte layers developed in our lab via a low cost wet-chemical processing method. In this paper. SOFCs with bulk ionic conductivity dominated thin-film electrolyte demonstrate superior electrochemical performances. Conventional materials for SOFCs are applied in this work: Ni-YSZ cermet as the anode, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the electrolyte, gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) as the Sr-diffusion barrier layer, and LSCF or LSC as the cathode. At 0.7 V and 600 degrees C. single cells with an active LSCF and LSC cathode area of 4 x 4 cm(2) obtain a power density of 0.7 and 1.4 W cm(-2), respectively. According to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the ohmic resistance of the single cells is almost one order of magnitude lower than the conventionally fabricated SOFCs. Due to the improved performance of the electrolyte, SOFCs are able to deliver high power output at reduced operating temperature and increased cell voltage. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.