期刊
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
卷 196, 期 23, 页码 10344-10350出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.079
关键词
HEV; PHEV; Lithium battery; Lithium Titanate; Spinel; Safety
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy, FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Office
- U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC0Z-06CH11357]
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
A promising anode material for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is Li4Ti5O12 (LTO). LTO intercalates lithium at a voltage of similar to 1.5V relative to lithium metal, and thus this material has a lower energy compared to a graphite anode for a given cathode material. However, LTO has promising safety and cycle life characteristics relative to graphite anodes. Herein, we describe electrochemical and safety characterizations of LTO and graphite anodes paired with LiMn2O4 cathodes in pouch cells. The LTO anode outperformed graphite with regards to capacity retention on extended cycling, pulsing impedance, and calendar life and was found to be more stable to thermal abuse from analysis of gases generated at elevated temperatures and calorimetric data. The safety, calendar life, and pulsing performance of LTO make it an attractive alternative to graphite for high power automotive applications, in particular when paired with LiMn2O4 cathode materials. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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