期刊
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
卷 195, 期 9, 页码 2431-2442出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.11.120
关键词
Sodium-beta alumina battery; beta ''-Al2O3 electrolyte; Molten sodium; Sulfur; Transition metal chlorides
资金
- Laboratory-Directed Research and Development Program (LDRD)
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
- US Department of Energy's Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E)
- Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability's
- US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
The increasing penetration of renewable energy and the trend toward clean, efficient transportation have spurred growing interests in sodium-beta alumina batteries that store electrical energy via sodium ion transport across a beta ''-Al2O3 solid electrolyte at elevated temperatures (typically 300-350 degrees C ). Currently, the negative electrode or anode is metallic sodium in molten state during battery operation; the positive electrode or cathode can be molten sulfur (Na-S battery) or solid transition metal halides plus a liquid phase secondary electrolyte (e.g., ZEBRA battery). Since the groundbreaking works in the sodium-beta alumina batteries a few decades ago, encouraging progress has been achieved in improving battery performance, along with cost reduction. However, there remain issues that hinder broad applications and market penetration of the technologies. To better the Na-beta alumina technologies require further advancement in materials along with component and system design and engineering. This paper offers a comprehensive review on materials of electrodes and electrolytes for the Na-beta alumina batteries and discusses the challenges ahead for further technology improvement. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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