Prediction of the self-discharge profile of an electrochemical capacitor electrode in the presence of both activation-controlled discharge and charge redistribution

In the porous electrodes typically Used for electrochemical capacitors, the self-discharge profile may be affected by charge redistribution in the pores of the electrode and the kinetics of the Faradaic self-discharge. In this paper, the activation-control led self-discharge of a porous electrode is modelled using a de Levie transmission line hardware circuit to model a pore and all activation-control led discharge is applied at the mouth of this pore. The self-discharge profile exhibits three main regions. The first region is governed purely by the activation-controlled discharge as the charge redistribution has not yet begun. The second region combines both charge redistribution and the activation-control led discharge, resulting in a shallower slope than expected for a purely activation-controlled discharge. Finally, charge redistribution ends and the profile reverts to the activation-control led profile. These three regions are mirrored in experimental self-discharge profiles and show that the duration charge redistribution Call be determined from the shape of the self-discharge profile. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.