期刊
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
卷 47, 期 14, 页码 1426-1436出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/polb.21744
关键词
nanocomposites; polypropylene; processing; structure-property relations
资金
- NSF-MRSEC program [DMR 0520513]
- Toray Chemical
- E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.
- Dow Chemical Company
- National Science Foundation [DMR-9304725]
- State of Illinois through the Department of Commerce and the Board of Higher Education [IBHE HECA NWU 96]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Energy Research [W-31-102-Eng-38]
Dispersions of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) in polypropylene (PP) were prepared via conventional melt batch mixing and solid-state shear pulverization. The properties and structure of each system were assessed via linear viscoelasticity, electrical conductivity, PP crystallization kinetics, dynamic mechanical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and small angle X-ray scattering. Increasing either the duration or the intensity of melt mixing leads to higher degrees of dispersion of MWNT in PP, although at the cost of substantial melt degradation of PP for long mixing times. Samples prepared by pulverization exhibit faster crystallization kinetics and higher mechanical stiffness than the melt blended samples, but in contrast show no measurable low frequency elastic plateau in melt rheology, and lower electrical conductivity than melt-mixed samples. X-ray scattering demonstrates that neither sample has uniform dispersion down to the single MWNT level. The results illustrate that subtle differences in the size and distribution of nanotube clusters lead to differences in the nanotube networks with strong impact on bulk properties. The results also highlight distinctions between conductive networks and load transfer networks and demonstrate that a complete and comparative picture of dispersion cannot be determined by simple indirect property measurements. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part. B: Polym Phys 47: 1426-1436, 2009
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