Solution-Processable Colorless Polyimides Derived from Hydrogenated Pyromellitic Dianhydride with Controlled Steric Structure

This work presents novel colorless polyimides (PIs) derived from 1R,2S,4S,5R-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (H ''-PMDA). Isomer effects were also discussed by comparing with PI systems derived from conventional hydrogenated pyromellitic dianhydride, that is, 1S,2R,4S,5R-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (H-PMDA). H ''-PMDA was much more reactive with various diamines than H-PMDA, and the former led to PI precursors with much higher molecular weights. The results can be explained from the quite different steric structures of these isomers. The thermally imidized H ''-PMDA-based films were colorless regardless of diamines because of inhibited charge-transfer interaction. In particular, the H ''-PMDA/ 4,4'-oxydianiline system simultaneously achieved a very high T-g exceeding 300 degrees C, high toughness (elongation at break > 70%), and good solution processability. In contrast, the H-PMDA-based counterparts were essentially insoluble. The outstanding solubility of the former probably results from disturbed chain stacking by its nonplanar steric structure. An advantage of chemical imidization process is also proposed. In some cases, a copolymerization approach with an aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride was effective to improve the thermal expansion property. The results suggest that the H ''-PMDAbased PI systems can be promising candidates for novel high-temperature plastic substrate materials in electronic paper displays. A potential application as optical compensation film materials in liquid crystal displays (LCD) is also proposed in this work. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 575-592