期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
卷 41, 期 1, 页码 221-233出版社
AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1175/2010JPO4518.1
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- National Science Council, Taiwan, ROC [NSC 98-2111-M-003-002-MY2, NSC 98-2628-M-003-001]
An unusually intense sea surface temperature drop (Delta SST) of about 10.8 degrees C induced by the Typhoon Kai-Tak is observed in the northern South China Sea (SCS) in July 2000. Observational and high-resolution SCS model analyses were carried out to study the favorable conditions and relevant physical processes that cause the intense surface cooling by Kai-Tak. Upwelling and entrainment induced by Kai-Tak account for 62% and 31% of the Delta SST, respectively, so that upwelling dominates vertical entrainment in producing the surface cooling for a subcritical storm such as Kai-Tak. However, wind intensity and propagation speed alone cannot account for the large Delta SST. Prior to Kai-Tak, the sea surface was anomalously warm and the main thermocline was anomalously shallow. The cause was a delayed transition of winter to summer monsoon in the northern SCS in May 2000. This produced an anomalously strong wind stress curl and a cold eddy capped by a thin layer of very warm surface water west of Luzon. Kai-Tak was the ocean's perfect storm in passing over the eddy at the right time, producing the record SST drop and high chlorophyll-a concentration.
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