Structure Dependence of Charged States in Linear Polyaniline as Studied by In Situ ATR-FTIR Spectroelectrochemistry

The electrochemical doping of emeraldine salt and emeraldine bases with different weight average molecular weights was studied by in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroelectrochemistry using attenuated total reflection (ATR) technique. The formation and stabilization of charge carriers in polyaniline during p-doping was followed in dependence of the chain branching. The potential dependence of the IR bands during the oxidation of the polymer clearly demonstrates the formation of the different charged polymer structures (pi-dimers, polarons, and bipolarons). It is shown that IR bands usually attributed to a semiquinoid polaron lattice correspond in fact to doubly charged species, pi-dimers, which are face-to-face complexes of two polarons. Bands corresponding exclusively to polarons have been identified at 1266, 1033, and 1010 cm(-1), suggesting that polarons are predominantly stabilized on the linear segments near the polymer branches by phenazine.