期刊
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS
卷 32, 期 8, 页码 848-852出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e31826bec08
关键词
idiopathic toe-walking; children; neuropsychiatric symptoms; FTF-Five to Fifteen parent questionnaire
资金
- Centre of Competence, Blekinge County Council
- Sallskapet Barnavard
Background: Idiopathic toe-walking (ITW) is a condition in which otherwise healthy children walk on their toes. The diagnosis is a diagnosis of exclusion. The aim of this study was to elucidate the occurrence of neuropsychiatric symptoms among 5- to 13-year-old children with ITW. Methods: Fifty-one consecutive children (31 boys, 20 girls) with a mean age of 9 years and 1 month were referred to a pediatric orthopaedic unit for ITW. Evaluations included assessments by a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon and a pediatric neurologist and the parents were asked to complete the Five to Fifteen questionnaire, a validated screening tool for neuropsychiatric problems. The study cohort was compared with an age-matched normative group previously described. Results: In the study group, the percentage of children scoring above the 90th percentile, indicating difficulties, were for the different domains; motor skills 39.0%, executive functions 17.6%, perception 25.5%, memory 23.5%, language 23.5%, learning 25.9%, social skills 25.5%, and emotional/behavioural problems 21.6%. Conclusions: Children with ITW as a group displayed more neuropsychiatric problems than a normative group of age-matched children. These findings merit future larger studies. Furthermore, when children with ITW are referred for orthopaedic or neurological assessment, a structured neuropsychiatric history is advisable and further neuropsychiatric investigations should be considered.
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