Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap on Osteogenesis and Vascularization of Tissue-Engineered Bone in Dogs

Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and the latissimus dorsi muscle flap on osteogenesis and vascularization of tissue-engineered bone. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were subcultured, and PRP was obtained from the same dogs. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) was prepared from homologous bone. The complexes of DBM/BMSCs/PRP were implanted into areas A and B on the left side of the dogs' backs; complexes of DBM/BMSCs without PRP were implanted in areas C and D on the right side of the same dog. The implants in areas A and C were wrapped with a latissimus dorsi muscle flap, and the implants in areas B and D were wrapped with inferior fascia. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks later, the implants were removed for evaluation. Results: The radiographic evaluation, descriptive histologic analysis, and histologic quantitative analysis showed that the PRP/BMSCs/DBM complex was better than the BMSCs/DBM complex in both vascularization and osteogenesis of the ectopic tissue-engineered bones, and the complex wrapped with the latissimus dorsi muscle flap was better than that packed with superficial fascia without blood vessels. Conclusions: The PRP and blood vessels in the latissimus dorsi muscle could cooperatively promote osteogenesis and vascularization in tissue-engineered bone. (C) 2009 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67:1850-1858, 2009