Direct formation of large-scale multi-layered germanene on Si substrate

Germanene layers with lonsdaleite structure has been synthesized from a SiGe thin film for the first time using a N-2 plasma-assisted process in this investigation. Multi-layered germanene can be directly observed, and the derived lattice parameters are nearly consistent with the theoretical results. Furthermore, large-scalemulti-layered germanene has also been demonstrated for applications.