4.5 Article

Reduction of Dicer Impairs Schwann Cell Differentiation and Myelination

期刊

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
卷 88, 期 12, 页码 2558-2568

出版社

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22418

关键词

Schwann cell; myelin; micro-RNA; Dicer; myelination

资金

  1. National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke
  2. National Institutes of Health
  3. National Research Service Award [1F31NS061465, NS041012]
  4. National Muscular Dystrophy Association

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The process of Schwann cell myelination requires precisely coordinated gene expression. At the onset of myelination, there is an increase in the expression of differentiation-promoting transcription factors that regulate key Schwann cell genes. Further control of myelin gene expression occurs at the posttranscriptional level and, in part, is mediated by RNA binding proteins and micro-RNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small, endogenously derived RNA molecules that repress gene expression by specifically binding to their mRNA targets. In the experiments described here, we tested whether miRNAs were essential in controlling myelination by reducing the levels of Dicer, an essential endoribonuclease in miRNA biogenesis. We decreased the expression of Dicer by about 60% within Schwann cells using a lentiviral vector expressing an shRNA against Dicer. The reduced levels of Dicer led to a decrease in the steady-state expression of selected miRNAs and of the transcription factors Oct6 and Egr2/Krox20, both of which are critical for Schwann cells differentiation and myelination. In contrast, the levels of c-jun and Sox2 were up-regulated by the reduction in Dicer and were associated with an increase in Schwann cell proliferation. In dorsal root ganglion cocultures, Schwann cells transduced with Dicer shRNA synthesized less myelin, which was accompanied by significant reductions in the levels of myelin basic protein and protein zero. These findings support a critical role for Dicer and miRNAs in Schwann cell differentiation and myelination. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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