期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 32, 期 21, 页码 7311-7315出版社
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0027-12.2012
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation [IOB 0645886]
- National Institutes of Health [NEI 1R01EY017658-01A1, NIDA 1R01NS063249]
- NIMH [MH086400, R25NS065743]
- Klingenstein Foundation
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Linking values to actions and evaluating expectations relative to outcomes are both central to reinforcement learningandarethoughtto underlie financial decision-making. However, neurophysiology studies of these processes in humans remain limited. Here, we recorded the activity of single human nucleus accumbens neurons while subjects performed a gambling task. We show that the nucleus accumbens encodes two signals related to subject behavior. First, we find that under relatively predictable conditions, single neuronal activity predicts future financial decisions on a trial-by-trial basis. Interestingly, we show that this activity continues to predict decisions even under conditions of uncertainty (e. g., when the probability of winning or losing is 50/50 and no particular financial choice predicts a rewarding outcome). Furthermore, we find that this activity occurs, on average, 2 s before the subjects physically manifest their decision. Second, we find that the nucleus accumbens encodes the difference between expectedandrealized outcomes, consistent with a prediction error signal. We show this activity occurs immediately after the subject has realized the outcome of the trial and is present on both the individual and population neuron levels. These results provide human single neuronal evidence that the nucleus accumbens is integral in making financial decisions.
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