期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 30, 期 9, 页码 3467-3472出版社
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4130-09.2010
关键词
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资金
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression 2005 Young Investigator Award
- Sidney R. Baer, Jr. Foundation
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-07-1-0454]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Drug Abuse [R03 DA023462-01, R01 DA026457, R01 DA014119]
- NIH/National Institute of Mental Health [MH068346]
- National Science Foundation [BCS-0215738]
- Indiana METACyt Initiative of Indiana University
- Lilly Endowment, Inc.
Strong error-related activity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been shown repeatedly with neuroimaging and event-related potential studies for the last several decades. Multiple theories have been proposed to account for error effects, including comparator models and conflict detection models, but the neural mechanisms that generate error signals remain in dispute. Typical studies use relatively low error rates, confounding the expectedness and the desirability of an error. Here we show with a gambling task and functional magnetic resonance imaging that when losses are more frequent than wins, the mPFC error effect disappears, and moreover, exhibits the opposite pattern by responding more strongly to unexpected wins than losses. These findings provide perspective on recent ERP studies and suggest that mPFC error effects result from a comparison between actual and expected outcomes.
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