期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
卷 8, 期 1, 页码 163-179出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11481-012-9410-z
关键词
Multiple sclerosis; Dopamine; Noradrenaline; Adrenaline; Adrenoceptors; Dopaminergic receptors; Lymphocytes; Neuroimmunology
资金
- Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis (FISM) [2002/R/18, 2003/R/67]
- United States of America National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) [PP0791, PP1255]
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the CNS characterized by inflammation, demyelination and axonal loss. Classical evidence in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, the animal model of MS, support the relevance of sympatoadrenergic as well as of dopaminergic mechanisms. In MS patients, dysregulation of adrenergic and dopaminergic pathways contribute to the disease in immune system cells as well as in glial cells. Available evidence is summarized and discussed also in the light of the novel role of dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline as transmitters in immune cells, providing a conceptual frame to exploit the potential of several dopaminergic and adrenergic agents, already in clinical use for non-immune indications and with a usually favourable risk-benefit profile, as add-on drugs to conventional immunomodulating therapies in MS.
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