4.4 Article

Mechanical properties of mammalian cells in suspension measured by electro-deformation

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IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/20/6/065007

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  1. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
  2. Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

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We describe a planar, micro-fabricated device for generating fringing non-uniform electric fields. We used it to measure the mechanical properties of individual mammalian cells in suspension by deforming them in time-varying, non-uniform electric fields. Electrical stresses generated by the planar microelectrodes were used to trap and stretch cells, while cell deformation was observed using optical microscopy. Two distinct cell types were compared after fitting strain data with a three-parameter 'standard linear solid' model of visco-elasticity, and with a two-parameter power-law method. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were approximately twice as stiff as U937 human promonocytes, and CHO cells displayed an elastic behaviour with recovery of initial shape, while U937 strain data bore witness to plastic deformation. Our results demonstrate that electrical stresses generated by micro-fabricated electrodes permit mechanical characterization of distinct mammalian cell types.

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