Clinicoradiologic Response of Neurologic Tuberculous Mass Lesions in Children Treated With Thalidomide

Neurologic tuberculous pseudoabscesses that clinically progress despite conventional antituberculosis therapy may be responsive to adjuvant thalidomide, a potent tumor necrosis factor-a inhibitor. In this study, the addition of thalidomide provided substantial clinical benefit in the majority of patients, and magnetic resonance imaging evolution of lesions from early-stage T2 bright with edema to T2 black represented a marker of cure.