Mapping the annual evolution of snow depth in a small catchment in the Pyrenees using the long-range terrestrial laser scanning

This paper presents the methodology used to develop snow depth distribution maps for a small catchment in the Central Spanish Pyrenees covering 55 ha in a 1:10,000 scale. The Main Map was obtained using LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology from a long-range Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) in six field surveys undertaken during the 2012 winter-spring period. This technique enabled the acquisition of information at a very high resolution concerning the spatial variability of snow cover, providing snow depth information for remote areas where data acquisition is complex and hazardous. We describe the methodological steps and the quality assessment applied in developing the maps. Comparison with manual measurements confirmed the reliability of the snow depth maps, including areas located at large distances from the scanner (800 m). This method provides a promising tool for future investigations of snow dynamics in mountainous environments.