期刊
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
卷 89, 期 4, 页码 1059-1066出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1644/07-MAMM-A-404.1
关键词
demography; mark-recapture; survival probabilities
类别
资金
- Comision nacional Para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad [H081]
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [26430-N]
- Instituto Politecnico Nacional Direccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investioacion [968013]
- Secretaria de Educacion Publica Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [22004-C01-46086]
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia
- National Science Foundation [0347960]
- Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales [240996-213-03, DOO 750-4172/97, DOO 750-4443/98, NUM/SGPA/DGVS 04311, 04160, 05325, 03269]
California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) in the Gulf of California have declined by 20% over the past 2 decades. The lack of data on life-history parameters for this species has limited the development of demographic models to assess the status of this population. We estimated age- and sex-specific annual survival probabilities for California sea lions using resighting data on 5 pup cohorts from 1981 to 2006. We modeled apparent survival and resighting probability using age-class, sex, and time as potential explanatory variables. Apparent survival rates varied for different age- and sex-classes. Only survival of pups varied by year (from 0.556 to 0.998). Survival was the same for immature males and females (0.90), but differed by sex for young (males = 0.90, females = 0.97) and old (males = 0.75, females = 0.91) adults. Resighting probabilities varied by time, age-class, and sex. Resighting probabilities were higher for females than for males, and lowest for juveniles. The survival estimates presented here provide practical insight into understanding age- and sex-specific survival rates for California sea lions.
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