期刊
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
卷 440, 期 -, 页码 621-631出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.003
关键词
Early Cambrian; Redox sensitive trace elements; Mo/TOC ratio; Ocean oxygenation; South China
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology [2011CB808806]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41402026]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2652013031]
The early Cambrian radiation of macroscopic animals, commonly referred as the 'Cambrian Explosion', is one of the most important biological innovations in Earth history. Because oxygen is a requirement for complex animal life, it is generally accepted that ocean oxygenation may have been the environmental trigger for animal evolution, but direct geochemical evidence supporting oxygen increase prior to the 'Cambrian Explosion' remains sparse and insufficient. To better understand the casual relationship between ocean oxygenation and animal evolution, we have carried out a systematic analysis of redox sensitive trace element (RSTE) concentrations, total organic carbon (TOC) contents and pyrite morphology for the early Cambrian Niutitang Formation of the Hejiapu section, northeastern Guizhou Province, South China. The new data, in combination with previously published data from other sections, show strong Mo enrichments (average of 88 ppm) and high Mo/FOC ratios (average of 14 ppm/wt%) in the euxinic black shales of the lower Niutitang Formation (similar to 520 Ma), indicating increase of the oceanic Mo reservoir. In the light of the positive correlation between sediment Mo/TOC and aqueous Mo in modem basins, the early Cambrian oceanic Mo concentration is estimated as similar to 50 nmol, which is about half of the modern ocean Mo concentration (similar to 105 nmol) but is significantly higher than that of the Mesoproterozoic oceans (10-20 nmol). The marked increase in oceanic Mo reservoir is therefore interpreted as recording significant rise of atmospheric oxygen and pervasive ocean oxygenation, which may have facilitated the diversification of macroscopic metazoans during the early Cambrian. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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