Laparoscopic Versus Open Cholecystectomy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective, Randomized Study

Background: Gallstones are more common in patients with liver cirrhosis than in healthy individuals. Higher morbidity and mortality were reported in cirrhotic patients with either laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in cirrhotic patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis in a prospective, randomized manner. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis associated with Child-Pugh class A or B liver cirrhosis were prospectively and randomly grouped equally to either laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy. The two groups were compared regarding operative time, morbidity, mortality, postoperative liver function, and hospital stay. Results: The two groups were comparable regarding demographic data, preoperative and postoperative Child-Pugh scoring, mean operative time (57.3 minutes for laparoscopic and 48.5 for open), and complications (33.3% for each). Hospital stay was shorter for the laparoscopic group. One conversion (6.7%) to open surgery was reported. No periopertive mortality occurred in either group. Conclusions: For Child-Pugh class A and B cirrhotics, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is comparable to the open approach regarding operative time, morbidity, mortality, and effect on liver function, but with shorter hospital stay. Considering the other well-documented advantages of the laparoscopic approach, namely, less pain, earlier mobilization and feeding, and better cosmoses, laparoscopic cholecystectomy would be the first choice in cirrhotic patients.