4.8 Article

Longevity-conscious dimensioning and power management of the hybrid energy storage system in a fuel cell hybrid electric bus

期刊

APPLIED ENERGY
卷 137, 期 -, 页码 913-924

出版社

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.05.013

关键词

Hybrid energy storage system; Electrified vehicle; Component sizing; Energy management; Battery health; Convex optimization

资金

  1. Swedish Energy Agency
  2. Swedish Hybrid Vehicle Center
  3. Chalmers Energy Initiative

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Energy storage systems (ESSs) play an important role in the performance and economy of electrified vehicles. Hybrid energy storage system (HESS) combining both lithium-ion cells and supercapacitors is one of the most promising solutions. This paper discusses the optimal HESS dimensioning and energy management of a fuel cell hybrid electric bus. Three novel contributions are added to the relevant literature. First, efficient convex programming is used to simultaneously optimize the HESS dimension (including sizes of both the lithium-ion battery pack and the supercapacitor stack) and the power allocation between the HESS and the fuel cell system (FCS) of the hybrid bus. In the combined plant/ controller optimization problem, a dynamic battery State-of-Health (SOH) model is integrated to quantitatively examine the impact of the battery replacement strategy on both the HESS size and the bus economy. Second, the HESS and the battery-only ESS options are systematically compared in the proposed optimization framework. Finally, the battery-health-perceptive HESS optimization outcome is contrasted to the ideal one neglecting the battery degradation (assuming that the battery is durable over the bus service period without deliberate power regulation). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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