期刊
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
卷 190, 期 5, 页码 2009-2016出版社
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201937
关键词
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类别
资金
- American Liver Foundation
- Emory Vaccine Center/Emory Center for AIDS Research Flow Cytometry Core Grant [P30 AI050409]
- Yerkes Research Center [RR-00165]
- Public Health Service Grant [AA017870]
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
- [5R37DK057665-11]
- [5R37AI048638-10]
- [U19AI090023]
- [HHSN266200700006C]
- [U54AI057157]
- [U19AI057266]
- [NO1 AI50025]
- [AI070101]
- [DK083356]
The liver has long been described as immunosuppressive, although the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are incompletely understood. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), a population of liver nonparenchymal cells, are potent producers of the regulatory T cell (Treg)-polarizing molecules TGF-beta 1 and all-trans retinoic acid, particularly during states of inflammation. HSCs are activated during hepatitis C virus infection and may therefore play a role in the enrichment of Tregs during infection. We hypothesized that Ag presentation in the context of HSC activation will induce naive T cells to differentiate into Foxp3(+) Tregs. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the molecular interactions between murine HSCs, dendritic cells, and naive CD4(+) T cells. We found that HSCs alone do not present Ag to naive CD4(+) T cells, but in the presence of dendritic cells and TGF-beta 1, preferentially induce functional Tregs. This Treg induction was associated with retinoid metabolism by HSCs and was dependent on all-trans retinoic acid. Thus, we conclude that HSCs preferentially generate Foxp3(+) Tregs and, therefore, may play a role in the tolerogenic nature of the liver. The Journal of Immunology, 2013, 190: 2009-2016.
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