期刊
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
卷 184, 期 11, 页码 6188-6198出版社
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000261
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资金
- Academy of Finland
- Foundation for Pediatric Research
- Emil Aaltonen Foundation
- Pirkanmaa Hospital District
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Swedish Research Council
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
Because NF-kappa B signaling pathways are highly conserved in evolution, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster provides a good model to study these cascades. We carried out an RNA interference (RNAi)-based genome-wide in vitro reporter assay screen in Drosophila for components of NF-kappa B pathways. We analyzed 16,025 dsRNA-treatments and identified 10 novel NF-kappa B regulators. Of these, nine dsRNA-treatments affect primarily the Toll pathway. G protein-coupled receptor kinase (Gprk) 2, CG15737/Toll pathway activation mediating protein, and u-shaped were required for normal Drosomycin response in vivo. Interaction studies revealed that Gprk2 interacts with the Drosophila I kappa B homolog Cactus, but is not required in Cactus degradation, indicating a novel mechanism for NF-kappa B regulation. Morpholino silencing of the zebrafish ortholog of Gprk2 in fish embryos caused impaired cytokine expression after Escherichia coli infection, indicating a conserved role in NF-kappa B signaling. Moreover, small interfering RNA silencing of the human ortholog GRK5 in HeLa cells impaired NF-kappa B reporter activity. Gprk2 RNAi flies are susceptible to infection with Enterococcus faecalis and Gprk2 RNAi rescues Toll(10b)-induced blood cell activation in Drosophila larvae in vivo. We conclude that Gprk2/GRK5 has an evolutionarily conserved role in regulating NF-kappa B signaling. The Journal of Immunology, 2010, 184: 6188-6198.
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