Effect of felodipine with irbesartan or metoprolol on sexual function and oxidative stress in women with essential hypertension

Objective To evaluate the impact of felodipine with irbesartan on sexual function compared with felodipine with metoprolol in hypertensive women. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, parallel, active-controlled, open-label study (ClinicalTrials.org: NCT01238705) in 160 women (18-60 years) with mild or moderate hypertension, randomized to a once-daily treatment with felodipine combined with irbesartan or metoprolol for 48 weeks. Patients' sexual function was evaluated using a female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire at baseline and after 24 and 48 weeks of therapy. Levels of serum estradiol, testosterone, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results The two combination regimens were similarly effective in lowering blood pressure. After 48 weeks, in felodipine-irbesartan group, total scores of FSFI improved (P<0.001). Items showing improvement in scores corresponded to desire, arousal and orgasm (P<0.001; P=0.002; P=0.049, respectively). Levels of estradiol increased under treatment with felodipine-irbesartan (P=0.003) and decreased under felodipine-metoprolol treatment (P<0.001). The concentration of testosterone declined after felodipine-irbesartan therapy (P<0.001) and increased under felodipine-metoprolol treatment (P<0.001). In the felodipine-irbesartan group, decreases of 8-OHdG, 4-HNE (P<0.001) and MDA (P<0.001) were observed. The felodipine-irbesartan combination resulted in less oxidative stress. The differences in changes in 8-OHdG, 4-HNE and MDA between the two groups were significant (P<0.05). Conclusion These results suggested that the felodipine-irbesartan combination regimen improved sexual function in hypertensive women, whereas felodipine-metoprolol regiment did not. The reason for the different influence of these two combination therapy on female sexual function might be their different impacts on oxidative stress and hormone levels. J Hypertens 30: 210-216 (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.