期刊
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
卷 27, 期 -, 页码 266-273出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.10.001
关键词
Organic photovoltaics; PCDTBT; Palladium; Lifetime; Stability
资金
- UK EPSRC [EP/IO28641/1, EP/J017361/1]
- University of Sheffield via the Shine Doctoral Training Centre
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/J017361/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/J017361/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Palladium (Pd) is commonly used as a catalyst in the polymerisation of conjugated polymers such as poly IN-9'-heptadecany1-2,7-carbozole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-theny1-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT). Here we explore the effect of residual catalyst on the performance of organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) based on a PCDTBT:fullerene thin-film blend. We find that as the relative concentration of Pd increases, the power conversion efficiency of the PV is reduced, dropping from 4.55% to 2.42% as the Pd concentration was increased to 2570 ppm (relative to that of the PCDTBT). This reduction in efficiency resulted primarily from a reduction in PV fill factor and shunt-resistance, indicating the presence of current-shunts within the device. Using optical microscopy, laser beam induced current mapping and scanning electron microscopy, we are able to demonstrate that such current shunts are associated with micron-sized aggregates of Pd-containing nanoparticles. We show that the presence of high concentrations of Pd within a PCDTBT OPV contribute to a larger drop in efficiency during the initial 'burn-in' period. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
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