期刊
JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
卷 105, 期 -, 页码 810-820出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu038
关键词
divergent selection; genetic hitchhiking; genomic architecture; linkage disequilibrium; speciation with gene flow
资金
- National Science Foundation
- US Department of Agriculture
- Notre Dame Environmental Change Initiative and program in Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics
- European Research Council [NatHisGen. 129639]
- National Science Foundation through the University of Colorado Biofrontiers Institute Interdisciplinary Quantitative Biology Program [IGERT 1144807]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1145573] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1451274] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Our current understanding of speciation is often based on considering a relatively small number of genes, sometimes in isolation of one another. Here, we describe a possible emergent genome process involving the aggregate effect of many genes contributing to the evolution of reproductive isolation across the speciation continuum. When a threshold number of divergently selected mutations of modest to low fitness effects accumulate between populations diverging with gene flow, nonlinear transitions can occur in which levels of adaptive differentiation, linkage disequilibrium, and reproductive isolation dramatically increase. In effect, the genomes of the populations start to congeal into distinct entities representing different species. At this stage, reproductive isolation changes from being a characteristic of specific, divergently selected genes to a property of the genome. We examine conditions conducive to such genome-wide congealing (GWC), describe how to empirically test for GWC, and highlight a putative empirical example involving Rhagoletis fruit flies. We conclude with cautious optimism that the models and concepts discussed here, once extended to large numbers of neutral markers, may provide a framework for integrating information from genome scans, selection experiments, quantitative trait loci mapping, association studies, and natural history to develop a deeper understanding of the genomics of speciation.
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