Influence of Calicophoron microbothrium amphistomosis on the biochemical and blood cell counts of cattle

Sixteen Tuli steers aged 1 year were subdivided into four equal groups (I-IV) and infected with Calicophoron microbothrium metacercariae. Group I received a low dose (LD) of 5000 metacercariae, group II a medium dose (MD) of 15,000 metacercariae, group III a high dose (HD) of 25,000 metacercariae while group IV was the non-infected control (C) group. The experimental animals were monitored daily for clinical signs while ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) blood and serum samples were collected every 7 days until day 28 post-infection, when sample collection was terminated. Samples were processed for full blood count, eosinophils and blood biochemical values for calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, total protein and albumin. Moderate to severe diarrhoea developed in the MD and HD groups at day 21 post-infection. The diarrhoea coincided with a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in total plasma protein, calcium and phosphorus levels, particularly in the MD group. Similarly, a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the packed cell volume (PCV), the haemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) levels occurred in the MD and HD groups from day 21 post-infection, while a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the circulating eosinophils occurred between 7 and 21 days post-infection in the LD and the HD groups.