期刊
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 261, 期 -, 页码 753-762出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.039
关键词
Phthalate esters; Size fraction effect; Cytotoxicity; Bioaccessibility; Risk assessment; Dust
资金
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Seed Collaborative Research Fund [HKBU CITYU SKLMP/SCRF/0003]
- Hong Kong Research Grants Council [HKBU 26209, NFSC/RGC N_HKBU210/11]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
Indoor and outdoor dusts from two urban centers in the Pearl River Delta, China, were analyzed and phthalate esters varied from 4.95 to 2220 mu g g(-1) in indoor dust, significantly higher than outdoor dust (1.70-869 mu g g(-1)). Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was the dominant phthalate found and the highest distribution factor (DF) (1.56 +/- 0.41) was noted in the <63 mu m fraction (p < 0.05). in vitro cytotoxicity of dust extract on human T cell lymphoblast leukemic cell line (CCRF-CEM) indicated by Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) decreased with particle size. The power model was found as a better fit for explaining the relationship between LC50 and phthalates (R-2 = 0.46,p < 0.01). Bioaccessibility of phthalates in dust varied with different particle sizes, with the greatest bioaccessible fraction (2.49-38.6%) obtained in <63 mu m. Risk assessment indicated that indoor dust ingestion accounted for the major source for DEHP exposure (81.4-96.4% of non-dietary exposure and 36.5% of total exposure), especially for toddlers. The cancer risks associated with DEHP via home dust were high (10(-6)-10(-4)), with 10% of houses estimated with unacceptable risks (>10(-4)). After corrected with the bioaccessibility of phthalates, the cancer risks of dust exposure were moderate (10-2-10-6). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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