期刊
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 248, 期 -, 页码 261-267出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.059
关键词
PCE; NAPL; Density modification; Phase behavior; Partition behavior
资金
- DuPont Chemical Co, the Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM)
- Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund in Post-doctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University
Density-modified displacement (DMD) is a recent approach for removal of trapped dense NAPL (DNAPL). In this study, butanol and surfactant are contacted with the DNAPL to both reduce the density as well as release the trapped DNAPL (perchloroethylene: PCE). The objective of the study was to determine the distribution of each component (e.g., butanol, surfactant, water, PCE) between the original aqueous and PCE phases during the application of DMD. The results indicated that the presence of the surfactant increased the amount of n-butanol required to make the NAPL phase reach its desired density. In addition, water and anionic surfactant were found to partition along with the BuOH into the PCE phase. The water also found partitioned to reverse micelles in the modified phase. Addition of salt was seen to increase partitioning of surfactant to BuOH containing PCE phase. Subsequently, a large amount of water was solubilized into reverse micelles which lead to significantly increase in volume of the PCE phase. This work thus demonstrates the role of each component and the implications for the operation design of an aquifer treatment using the DMD technique. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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