Gene Expression During the Formation of Furcation in Porcine Tooth Germ

In recent years, many things have progressed and became clear in the study of genes involved in tooth development. However, the genes associated in the formation of periodontal tissues particular those studies involved in the formation of furcation are few. We have carried out a research to examine the gene expression of cementoblasts in the furcation area in porcine tooth germ. Porcine tooth germs were used as samples excised during the formation of mandibular molars and the cementoblasts around the root and at the furcation were prepared. Total RNA was isolated from the samples followed by PCR amplifying specific genes using PCR templates. Further, significant difference with respect to gene expression was determined by semi-quantitative PCR from the electrophoresis image. Also, after the removal of tooth germs, tissues were processed in routine tissue preparation, embedded in paraffin, sectioned into 5 um thickness, stained with H and E and examined under the light microscope. Amelogenin, enamelin, ameloblastin, MMP-20, Klk-4 expressions were observed uniformly by the cementoblasts at the furcation of the tooth but only amelogenin and ameloblastin were observed by the cementoblasts around the root of the tooth. Also, a typical strong Msx2 homeobox gene by the cementoblasts at the furcation was observed with an expression level of approximately 64 times than the cementoblasts around the root. The present study clearly showed that specific genes are involved in the formation of furcation. A strong Msx2 gene expression was observed in the tooth germ and even at the furcation suggesting that Msx2 plays an important role in the process of periodontal tissue formation and maturation of furcation.