期刊
JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
卷 38, 期 4, 页码 585-599出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2012.09.021
关键词
Lake Erie; Lake ice; Ice-hydrodynamic modeling; Ice-water coupling
资金
- EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI)
- NSF OCE [0927643]
- Directorate For Geosciences [0927643] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [0927643] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
A hydrodynamic model that includes ice processes and is optimized for parallel processing was configured for Lake Erie in order to study the ice-water coupling processes in the lake. A hindcast from April 2003 to December 2004 with hourly atmospheric forcing was conducted. The model reproduced the seasonal variation of ice cover, but the development of ice extent in January and its decay in March somewhat preceded the observations. Modeled lake circulation in ice-free seasons is consistent with previous studies for Lake Erie. Thermal structure of the lake was reasonably comparable to both satellite-derived observations and in-situ measurements, with mean differences ranging from -2 degrees C to 4 degrees C, depending on the season. The impacts of ice-water stress coupling and basal melting of ice were examined based on numerical experiments. The results show that: 1) ice-water stress coupling significantly dampens the subjacent lake circulation ill winter due to packed ice cover that slows down the surface water, and 2) basal melting of ice contributes to widespread ice cover in the lake. The demonstrated model validity could lead to further studies of ice-water processes in the lake, including interannual variation and impacts on ecosystems. (C) 2012 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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